Extensive literature exists on the relationship between César Vallejo and Spain. Typically, literary criticism has focused on how this relationship is established, the impact of the Spanish Civil War on the poet's life and work, and its influence on subsequent poetic generations. However, there seems to be a critical gap when it comes to investigating the fate of Vallejo's work in post-war Spain and during Franco's dictatorship. Therefore, this study focuses on two aspects: first, the channels through which Vallejo's work was disseminated during the Francoist dictatorship, and secondly, the role played by censorship and the book black market in accessing his work. In addition to considering a wide range of testimonies from scholars, poets, and booksellers, the study conducts a meticulous compilation of mentions of Vallejo and his work in the press of that era.