Parasitological studies are important to understand the host-parasite interaction, providing information on the coevolution, biogeography, morphology, and diet of the species. The present study describes the endoparasite fauna of the lizard Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) in the Palmares National Forest, Piauí State, Brazil, a tropical forest covered by transitional vegetation between the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of lizards’ size and sex on endoparasite infection patterns. We analyzed 23 individuals of P. pollicaris, of which 18 were infected by at least one helminth, belonging to the Nematoda phylum: Spauligodon oxkutzcabiensis (Chitwood, 1938), Strongyloides sp., and Parapharyngodon sp. Overall, S. oxkutzcabiensis showed the highest prevalence (73.9%), mean infection intensity (8.64 ± 12.7), and mean abundance (6.39 ± 11.5). We ob...

Brazil is the country with the highest diversity and description rate of amphibian species in the world. The genus Rhinella has 100 species of small, medium and large animals, insectivorous, terrestrial or semi-aquatic and nocturnal. Rhinella diptycha Cope, 1862 and Rhinella granulosa Spix,1824 are widely distributed throughout the Brazilian Northeast. Despite their diversity and wide distribution, infectious diseases caused by helminths have caused a reduction in the populations of these animals. In this study, we determined the parasitic fauna of R. diptycha and R. granulosa recorded in the states of Piauí and Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. We collected 60 specimens, 30 of R. diptycha and 30 of R. granulosa, of which 78% of the total (n = 47 individuals) were infected with helminths. The helminths found were Aplectana membranosa Schneider, 1866, Cosmocerca sp. Diesing, 1861, Rhabdias sp...