Climandes es parte del programa Global de Cambio Climático y Medio Ambiente de la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE).

This study of the distribution in space and time of atmospheric transmissivity τ takes into account the fact that, in complex terrain, many factors affect this variable; thus, it is not possible to use the generalizations that can be applied under more homogeneous conditions. Climatic controls, topography and even sea currents have important effects on clouds and aerosols affecting τ , simultaneously leading to differences in the distribution of incident solar radiation. Different models exist to estimate incoming solar radiation as a function of relative sunshine hours (observed sunshine hours/theoretical sunshine hours, n/N) or differences between maximum and minimum temperatures T . We calibrated, validated and evaluated four of these empirical relations based on data from 15 weather stations in Peru. Models were calibrated using 66% of the daily historical record available for each...