Through this article we will study two texts from the end of the 18th century: El lazarillo de ciegos caminantes (1777) by Alonso Carrió de la Vandera and Descripción historial de la provincia y archipiélago de Chilóe y Obispado de la Concepción (1791) of fray Pedro González de Agüeros. After linking the structure and deployment of the cities of Lima, Cusco and the province of Chilóe. We wonder how the issue of cultural and racial melting is addressed. Trough our hypothesis we maintain that this notion develops from two perspectives not only different, but opposite: in the first case would present itself as a problem to be eradicated, while, in the second, as a civilizing possibility. Thus, we consider that there is a nation project that seeks to build an identify of its own from the social subjects who cohabit in a given geographical space. We will resort to the theoretical post...