The term twinning contains many important aspects that constantly occupy the attention of researchers; and affect not only obstetrics and other branches of medicine, such as pediatrics, forensics, etc., but by its vastness, incursions into the field of law and crime, and are a constant concern of biology.

In the first 100 private cases, between 1950-1952, we performed 102 spermatodiagnosis in 62 patients. Results: 72.5% of the specimen were obtained by coitus interrupts and 27.4% by masturbation. We found: Low liquefaction in 15.6%. Complete oligospermia in 7.8%. Pyospermia in 10.7%. On the other hand only 28% hand 100% or more fecundant power. The 38.2% between 51 to 99% of fecundant power. The remaining 33.3%, wich is a considerable percentage, had a fecundant power between 0% to 50% with 5 cases of azoospermia (7.9%). Treatment: We treated 25 cases with intramuscular serum gonadotropin with an average of 20.000 I.U. each one and rate of 400 U.I. daily with one day rest every 3 or 4 days.In 15 patients we added strong doses of vitamins A and C or E. As far as the spermatozoa is concerned the increase in number was remarkable but not the motility. The treatment was not sucessful on sperm...

Prolactin (PRL) is the oldest hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. This, or a similar, has been present in vertebrates, from fish to mammals, from 400 million years ago, speaking primarily in their growth, development, metabolism, osmoregulation (controlling water and electrolyte balance) and intervening in their reproduction, as well as the constitution of the ectoderm and act synergistically or antagonistically with steroid hormones.

Hystero-tubal hidrotubaciones practice in all cases "Tubal Factor" committed with certainty, whether or not another factor Matrimonial Sterility. 9 indicate hidrotubaciones, cycle 3, for 3 months, the 4th cycle check results. We describe the technique of hidrotubaciones and contraindications.

This work is the product of the experience gained to date regarding sterility and hyperprolactinemia, the first results were presented at a symposium held in Lima on November 29, 1979.

Editorial

Sixty-five million people worldwide suffer from the problem of conjugal sterility. Sterility of unknown cause in 14%, is due only to women at 36%, only the man in 22% and both in 28%. There is evidence that sterility in the world is declining. However, semen, in the last 50 years, are losing quality. Progress in the study of couples without children has been rapid in recent decades. The endoscopic study has marked a new era in this regard, to the extent that today, two sterile women, laparoscopy is one. As the years progress, more sterile undergo noting that this study will not be diagnosable but by that method elements, such as endometriosis and ratification or rectification of other causes, such as tubal patency, the relationship between the fallopian tubes and ovaries, pelvic peritoneal adhesions, small fibroids, etc. It complements very well hysterosalpingography.

250 infertile couples, in our particular inquiry, revised for the past six years, we have made personally, 120 Sims-Huhner tests on 90 women. We have divided the "Take Endocervical" in "endocervical sampling: outer third" and "Take Endocervical: internal 2/3" whose technique and interpretation of results obtained detail, we also suppress the classic rest half an hour post-coital reasons we discussed. Whenever Huhner practice test, routinely studied simultaneously in the "Crystallization Cervical Mucus" and Spinngarkeit, which are essential for us to assess the Sims-Huhner to not completely normal sperm. The 3/4 tests were conducted between the twelfth and fifteenth day of the cycle, 80% of cases performed with a sexual abstention of three to seven days, and in 90% of marriages samples between three and five hours was obtained after SSR We observed good and regular reception macroscopic v...

Peru is currently undergoing a massive tuberization in their towns -310 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants and one of tuberization up in their rural areas. Morbidity is about 3%. The methods of diagnosis of genital tuberculosis latent, at present, are still deficient, a fact that is clearly seen by studying clinical frequency between the various ginecopatías, 0.5% to 1.5% for Lima, and compared with the percentage found in the body, for our capital 4.4%, a figure that has yet to be higher for reasons discussed. We have not found any work on matrimonial Peruvian sterility refers to genital tuberculosis. We have found genital latent tuberculosis in 8.1% of women who consult us for double sterility: 9 sick over 110 private patients, after dropping 120 for not having their full studies. All our cases occurred in primary sterile. We obtained full or partial tubal obstruction, without history or ...

At the risk of turning into an excess treating this issue, since in recent times it has abounded in information and discussions about it, we wanted to write this note, in order to say our word in condition of specialist professional problems women's health.

By studying the Matrimonial causes female fertility and review the different elements involved in its production is found that "Tubal Factor" is one of the most important for his frequent intervention. The uterotubal persuflación químográfica and hysterosalpingography are two main tests for study. There is full agreement regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each method, but is not yet established whether to perform rutinariarnente both techniques for each patient, or whether it should be made one of them, which would determine whether or not to practice the other; Indeed, there are schools of great scientific seriousness, which made only persuflación and leave hysterosalpingography to cases in which the study of the graph indicates a tubal abnormality persuflación do, they say, truly useful hysterosalpingography.

We conducted 1,070 hísteros-tubal hidrotubaciones in 146 patients who had committed the tubal factor, which gives an average of 7.3 per patient hidrotubaciones. One hundred and sixteen cases - 79.4 percent - were frank obstruction. Thirty cases - 20.5 percent - had a proven stenosis. Persuflaciones hysterosalpingography and two - the second with antispasmodic - prior to hidrotubaciones are indispensable to a firm diagnosis of tubal commitment. Hidrotubaciones practice two cycles, each of five applications, ie ten hidrotubaciones for two months. They are held every forty-eight hours, starting them in the seventh or eighth day of the cycle. The third or fourth month we find the results with a persuflación and / or hysterosalpingography control. The technique is very similar to hysterosalpingography in which replaced the opaque solution chloromycetin, streptomycin and hyaluronidase dissol...

This work was made in the Peruvian Fertility Center and the authors stated their experience over 200 steril women. Culdoscopy is more useful in the diagnostic study of the steril women than in the gynecological cases. The end results obtained are the same of other authors. Pathologic conditions of the ovaries or tube were found in 50%; uterus was abnormal one of every four and adhesive inflammation in one of every three examinations unsuspected clinically. Culdoscopy is emphasized as an important method used in the diagnosis and, same times, in the treatment.

The fallopian tube to achieve ovum transport, travel and preparation of the sperm for  fertilization, early embryonic development and embryonic get traffic is in perfect sync with the development of the endometrium for implantation to occur. This does not take place if morphological or functional trunk was altered. Within the study of the barren woman, this is the most important factor for its high incidence and the fact that being severely compromised poor prognosis in women. From 1949 to date, we have served in the Peruvian Institute of Fertility Double, eighteen thousand five hundred infertile couples, having found tubal factor involved in 36.7% of cases. That is, 18,500 couples, more than 6,000 infertile women have the fallopian tubes involved in one way or another, in the city of Lima and the provinces who have come from.

The development of science in the last century, is unparalleled in its evolution with the past, especially the biomedical sciences, which have caused such progress in the last thirty years, they have produced many ethical dilemmas causing instability and fear . This arises in society against the enormous power of biomedicine, with deterioration of ethical paradigms of reference in our Western culture.

At the risk of turning into an excess treating this issue, since in recent times it has abounded in information and discussions about it, we wanted to write this note, in order to say our word in condition of specialist professional problems women's health.

The development of science in the last century, is unparalleled in its evolution with the past, especially the biomedical sciences, which have caused such progress in the last thirty years, they have produced many ethical dilemmas causing instability and fear . This arises in society against the enormous power of biomedicine, with deterioration of ethical paradigms of reference in our Western culture.

Prolactin (PRL) is the oldest hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. This, or a similar, has been present in vertebrates, from fish to mammals, from 400 million years ago, speaking primarily in their growth, development, metabolism, osmoregulation (controlling water and electrolyte balance) and intervening in their reproduction, as well as the constitution of the ectoderm and act synergistically or antagonistically with steroid hormones.

This work was made in the Peruvian Fertility Center and the authors stated their experience over 200 steril women. Culdoscopy is more useful in the diagnostic study of the steril women than in the gynecological cases. The end results obtained are the same of other authors. Pathologic conditions of the ovaries or tube were found in 50%; uterus was abnormal one of every four and adhesive inflammation in one of every three examinations unsuspected clinically. Culdoscopy is emphasized as an important method used in the diagnosis and, same times, in the treatment.

By studying the Matrimonial causes female fertility and review the different elements involved in its production is found that "Tubal Factor" is one of the most important for his frequent intervention. The uterotubal persuflación químográfica and hysterosalpingography are two main tests for study. There is full agreement regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each method, but is not yet established whether to perform rutinariarnente both techniques for each patient, or whether it should be made one of them, which would determine whether or not to practice the other; Indeed, there are schools of great scientific seriousness, which made only persuflación and leave hysterosalpingography to cases in which the study of the graph indicates a tubal abnormality persuflación do, they say, truly useful hysterosalpingography.