La presente investigación está orientada a comprobar si han existido efectos positivos traducidos en el aumento de los flujos comerciales en todas las secciones del sistema armonizado, a través de la medición de los efectos de creación y desviación comercial producidos por el TLC Perú-Estados Unidos, utilizando datos desagregados a 10 dígitos entre los años 1995-2015. Para ello, se utiliza la metodología planteada en Carrère (2006), MacPhee y Sattayanuwat (2014), Tumbarello (2007) y Yang y Martínez (2013) que utilizan tres variables dummy para medir estos efectos. El método de estimación que se utiliza es el llamado Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood (PPML), introducido por Santos Silva y Tenreyro (2006). Entre los principales resultados se destaca que el TLC (sin distinciones entre secciones) genera efectos positivos, pero no significativos en el nivel de comercio. Asimismo...

This paper is oriented to quantify the trade creation and diversion effects in the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Peru and the United States. For that purpose, using a disaggregated database at the 10-digit level for Peruvian goods with intervals of 3-years between 2002 and 2018, this article adopts a three-dummy variable methodology that allows the identification of intra-bloc and extra-bloc effects. In addition, a theoretically-founded gravity equation is employed with the incorporation of country-time and time-invariant fixed effects in order to solve common econometric specification problems, such as lack of multilateral resistance terms in modelling, heteroscedasticity of trade data, inclusion of zero trade flows, and endogeneity of trade policy. Estimating with the PPML method for the complete sample and among types of goods (group 1: raw materials and intermediate goods, and g...

La presente investigación está orientada a comprobar si han existido efectos positivos traducidos en el aumento de los flujos comerciales en todas las secciones del sistema armonizado, a través de la medición de los efectos de creación y desviación comercial producidos por el TLC Perú-Estados Unidos, utilizando datos desagregados a 10 dígitos entre los años 1995-2015. Para ello, se utiliza la metodología planteada en Carrère (2006), MacPhee y Sattayanuwat (2014), Tumbarello (2007) y Yang y Martínez (2013) que utilizan tres variables dummy para medir estos efectos. El método de estimación que se utiliza es el llamado Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood (PPML), introducido por Santos Silva y Tenreyro (2006). Entre los principales resultados se destaca que el TLC (sin distinciones entre secciones) genera efectos positivos, pero no significativos en el nivel de comercio. Asimismo...

This paper is oriented to quantify the trade creation and diversion effects in the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Peru and the United States. For that purpose, using a disaggregated database at the 10-digit level for Peruvian goods with intervals of 3-years between 2002 and 2018, this article adopts a three-dummy variable methodology that allows the identification of intra-bloc and extra-bloc effects. In addition, a theoretically-founded gravity equation is employed with the incorporation of country-time and time-invariant fixed effects in order to solve common econometric specification problems, such as lack of multilateral resistance terms in modelling, heteroscedasticity of trade data, inclusion of zero trade flows, and endogeneity of trade policy. Estimating with the PPML method for the complete sample and among types of goods (group 1: raw materials and intermediate goods, and g...

This paper is oriented to quantify the trade creation and diversion effects in the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Peru and the United States. For that purpose, using a disaggregated database at the 10-digit level for Peruvian goods with intervals of 3-years between 2002 and 2018, this article adopts a three-dummy variable methodology that allows the identification of intra-bloc and extra-bloc effects. In addition, a theoretically-founded gravity equation is employed with the incorporation of country-time and time-invariant fixed effects in order to solve common econometric specification problems, such as lack of multilateral resistance terms in modelling, heteroscedasticity of trade data, inclusion of zero trade flows, and endogeneity of trade policy. Estimating with the PPML method for the complete sample and among types of goods (group 1: raw materials and intermediate goods, and g...