The ultrasonic cleaning method was found to be the most effective method for the removal of biologic waste when compared with the manual method with a nylon brush. However, there was no significant difference between these two methods when using enzymatic detergent. Both the manual method and the ultrasonic method showed significantly higher effectiveness when enzymatic detergent was used for the cleaning of Flexoreamer K-type files, although it is evident that neither method achieved complete removal of biologic waste from all Flexoreamer K-type files, which could lead to improper sterilization of endodontic files and, consequently, be a factor to be considered in clinical cross-infection.

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated much concern worldwide. Due to its high transmissibility, many young university students have had to carry out their academic activities in mandatory social isolation, which could generate excessive anxiety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety levels in Peruvian dentistry students developed during COVID-19 mandatory social isolation. Materials and Methods: An analytical, observational, and transversal study was carried out in 403 dentistry students in the last two years from three Peruvian universities from May to July 2020. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was used to detect anxiety symptoms and their respective diagnoses. A logit model was used to evaluate the association of the variables: age group (X1), gender (X2), type of university (X3), and marital status (X4), with the anxiety levels of the students, considering a p-...