La betanina (Bn) fue obtenida y purificada, a partir de la betarraga roja (Beta vulgaris), y la hidrolisis en pH básico fue estudiado, así como la interacción con una amina primaria en medio tamponado. Una betalaína artificial fue semisintetizada (BeetTris), a partir del acoplamiento aldimínico de una amina primaria (Tris), y el ácido betalámico (HBt) obtenido de la hidrolisis básica del jugo de betarraga. La hidrolisis de BeetTris en pH básico, también fue estudiado. La capacidad antiradicalar fue determinada en equivalentes de TEAC, y la actividad citotóxica de las betalaínas fue estudiada en dos modelos de células inmortalizadas de cáncer cervical (HeLa) y de carcinoma hepatocelular (HepG2). Además, fue estudiada la interacción de las betalaínas con ADN extraído de bioindicadores marinos (Callinectes danae) por electroforesis en gel de agarosa, y analizado por secuen...

“This study aimed to supply three foods to the crab Callinectes sapidus in its juvenile stage and compare their effects on its growth. For that, crab larvae were cultured from oviparous adult female crabs. The larvae (z1–z8) were fed with rotifers, previously cultured with microalgae and megalopae (Meg.) with live Artemia salina larvae, obtained from fresh cysts until they reached juvenile development (c1, first crab). Then, 270 animals (c1) were analyzed in three groups of 90, with different diets: shrimp (Penaeus vannamei; Group 1), squid (Mastigoteuthis flammea; Group 2), and tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus; Group 3). After 90 days of feeding regimens, the sizes of juvenile crabs were measured by microscopy, and the following relationship was found (p < 0.001): Group 1 (20.8 0.7) > Group 2 (14.5 0.9) > Group 3 (10.4 0.6). The nutritional factor played an essential role in this...

“This study aimed to supply three foods to the crab Callinectes sapidus in its juvenile stage and compare their effects on its growth. For that, crab larvae were cultured from oviparous adult female crabs. The larvae (z1–z8) were fed with rotifers, previously cultured with microalgae and megalopae (Meg.) with live Artemia salina larvae, obtained from fresh cysts until they reached juvenile development (c1, first crab). Then, 270 animals (c1) were analyzed in three groups of 90, with different diets: shrimp (Penaeus vannamei; Group 1), squid (Mastigoteuthis flammea; Group 2), and tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus; Group 3). After 90 days of feeding regimens, the sizes of juvenile crabs were measured by microscopy, and the following relationship was found (p < 0.001): Group 1 (20.8 0.7) > Group 2 (14.5 0.9) > Group 3 (10.4 0.6). The nutritional factor played an essential role in this...

“Bioherbicides are an alternative to minimize the damage caused to the environment using agrochemicals. This study had the objective of extracting neem oil from ripe waste fruits that Azadirachta indica A. Juss and optimizing the process using solvents (or a mixture of solvents) with different polarities. Then, through a solid-liquid extraction system (Soxhlet), the solvents hexane, methanol/hexane (1:1), ethanol, and hexane/ethanol (1:1) were used to determine the process with the highest yield and most efficiency. The physicochemical parameters of the extracted oil (density, acidity value, iodine value, saponification value, esters value, and molecular weight) and the % of free fatty acids were determined. In addition, the allelopathic properties of the oil (0%, 2%, 3%, and 4% m/v) on septic weed Senna occidentalis seeds were evaluated, analyzing their growth and development paramete...

“Bioherbicides are an alternative to minimize the damage caused to the environment using agrochemicals. This study had the objective of extracting neem oil from ripe waste fruits that Azadirachta indica A. Juss and optimizing the process using solvents (or a mixture of solvents) with different polarities. Then, through a solid-liquid extraction system (Soxhlet), the solvents hexane, methanol/hexane (1:1), ethanol, and hexane/ethanol (1:1) were used to determine the process with the highest yield and most efficiency. The physicochemical parameters of the extracted oil (density, acidity value, iodine value, saponification value, esters value, and molecular weight) and the % of free fatty acids were determined. In addition, the allelopathic properties of the oil (0%, 2%, 3%, and 4% m/v) on septic weed Senna occidentalis seeds were evaluated, analyzing their growth and development paramete...

Herein, a straightforward electrochemical method was used to evaluate the total phenolic antioxidant capacity in natural extracts prepared from pomegranate, hibiscus, and pitaya. In light of this, the well-known electrochemical index (EI), a screening protocol for natural antioxidant properties evaluation, was determined using differential pulse voltammetry. Initially considering rutin and catechin as standards, we found that the system’s sensitivity greatly increased by using platinum (Pt) and platinum/ruthenium (Pt/Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on Vulcan XC-72 to modify screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). When such modifications were applied to natural fruit/plant extracts, their electrochemical ability proved highly superior to the bare SPCE, even considering a very small amount of materials for electrode preparation. However, with an optimized ratio, the bimetallic coun...

“Herein, a straightforward electrochemical method was used to evaluate the total phenolic antioxidant capacity in natural extracts prepared from pomegranate, hibiscus, and pitaya. In light of this, the well-known electrochemical index (EI), a screening protocol for natural antioxidant properties evaluation, was determined using differential pulse voltammetry. Initially considering rutin and catechin as standards, we found that the system’s sensitivity greatly increased by using platinum (Pt) and platinum/ruthenium (Pt/Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on Vulcan XC-72 to modify screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). When such modifications were applied to natural fruit/plant extracts, their electrochemical ability proved highly superior to the bare SPCE, even considering a very small amount of materials for electrode preparation. However, with an optimized ratio, the bimetallic c...