Remote sensing and geographic information systems are tools that in the last decade have been widely used in the management of natural resources, however, they have presented deficiencies for precision livestock studies due to the quality of spatial resolutions, spectral and temporal. Faced with this limitation, microsensors appear as an alternative in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) that allow obtaining orthophotographs with better resolutions. Considering these advantages, a study was developed to determine the best flight height in the detection and identification of the tolar and bofedal plant communities of the dry puna. For the study, RGB and NDVI photographs were collected with ZENMUSE X3 DJI RGB-NDVI sensors in UAS with flight heights of 25, 50, 75 and 100 m. In the field, tola plants and DIMU cushions were counted in quadrants of 10 m x 10 m (100 m2). The preparation of orthophoto...

Variables inherent to the forage and animal component were evaluated to design feed profiles of dual-purpose cows grazing Panicum maximum Jacq in a dairy farm in the Peruvian tropics. The forage variables were growth rate and forage availability and the animal variables were the chemical composition of the diet and feed profile. The experiment was carried out in the dry, early rainy and rainy seasons. Fourteen enclosures were installed in 41.9 ha and five Brown Swiss x Creole lactating cows were used. Forage growth and availability rates were obtained through cutting and manual separation, diets were obtained by manual simulation, energy requirement through the budget of activities and feed profile through the balance of forage demand and supply. A completely randomized design was used for forage growth and availability, and random blocks for chemical composition. The forage growth rate ...

Variables inherent to the forage and animal component were evaluated to design feed profiles of dual-purpose cows grazing Panicum maximum Jacq in a dairy farm in the Peruvian tropics. The forage variables were growth rate and forage availability and the animal variables were the chemical composition of the diet and feed profile. The experiment was carried out in the dry, early rainy and rainy seasons. Fourteen enclosures were installed in 41.9 ha and five Brown Swiss x Creole lactating cows were used. Forage growth and availability rates were obtained through cutting and manual separation, diets were obtained by manual simulation, energy requirement through the budget of activities and feed profile through the balance of forage demand and supply. A completely randomized design was used for forage growth and availability, and random blocks for chemical composition. The forage growth rate ...

Moderate resolution imagery (MODIS) data from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can be used to estimate aboveground biomass at large spatial scales; however, validation of the information with fieldwork is required to make more accurate grassland vegetation predictions. The study was conducted in three districts of the central highlands of Peru. In total, 153 grass samples (high grassland and low grassland) were collected after reading NDVI in situ within a pixel of 250x250 m, with a frequency of three months during a three year period. Satellite images were downloaded from the MODIS sensor to obtain the NDVI. The NDVI-MODIS values were calibrated with the NDVI registered in situ, using regression models. The calibrated equations modelled the dynamic trends of vegetation between 2000 and 2018 for the central highlands. The NDVI in situ of the low grassland ranged between ...

The objective of this study was to develop an index of vulnerability of alpaca herders (VAH), based on the adaptive capacity index (ACI) and sensitivity (SI) to climate change herders. The study was carried out in 2014 obtaining information from 17 alpaca farms from five annexes of the Sallca Santa Ana Peasant Community (SSAPC), Huancavelica, Peru. A conceptual model of ACI and SI was generated, assigning weights and function values to sources and attributes. For this, an Expert Panel from La Molina National Agrarian University (UNALM) and Nexus Program of the Fulbrigth Commission, USA, was formed. The ACI was estimated from human, physical, financial, information and diversity resources. The SI with livelihood and grassland resources. The VAH was estimated with the combination of ACI and SI, using fuzzy logic obtaining three categories: low, moderate and high. The U Mann-Whitney test co...

Floristic composition and rangeland condition of the Phynaya Peasant Community (located North of Pitumarca district and EastNorth of Canchis Province, Cusco region) were evaluated to estimate stocking rate under climate change scenario. Floristic composition, vegetation cover, and plant vigor were evaluated on 79 step-transects of 200 m in six rangeland sectors. Preliminary results reveal that there are 60 species, grouped in 13 families, where the dominant families were Poaceae (46.67%), Asteraceas (15%) and seudograsses (13.3%), of which, 45% were palatable for alpacas. Of the total grazing areas, alpacas´ areas represent 70.4%, llamas 15.4%, cattle 3.5%, sheep 4.5% y vicunas 6.3%. Actual stocking was 1 alpaca unit per hectare while stocking rate average estimated was fair with supportability of 0.78 UAl/ha; thus, rangelands are considered on degradation process

Floristic composition and rangeland condition of the Phynaya Peasant Community (located North of Pitumarca district and EastNorth of Canchis Province, Cusco region) were evaluated to estimate stocking rate under climate change scenario. Floristic composition, vegetation cover, and plant vigor were evaluated on 79 step-transects of 200 m in six rangeland sectors. Preliminary results reveal that there are 60 species, grouped in 13 families, where the dominant families were Poaceae (46.67%), Asteraceas (15%) and seudograsses (13.3%), of which, 45% were palatable for alpacas. Of the total grazing areas, alpacas´ areas represent 70.4%, llamas 15.4%, cattle 3.5%, sheep 4.5% y vicunas 6.3%. Actual stocking was 1 alpaca unit per hectare while stocking rate average estimated was fair with supportability of 0.78 UAl/ha; thus, rangelands are considered on degradation process

Floristic composition and rangeland condition of the Phynaya Peasant Community (located North of Pitumarca district and EastNorth of Canchis Province, Cusco region) were evaluated to estimate stocking rate under climate change scenario. Floristic composition, vegetation cover, and plant vigor were evaluated on 79 step-transects of 200 m in six rangeland sectors. Preliminary results reveal that there are 60 species, grouped in 13 families, where the dominant families were Poaceae (46.67%), Asteraceas (15%) and seudograsses (13.3%), of which, 45% were palatable for alpacas. Of the total grazing areas, alpacas´ areas represent 70.4%, llamas 15.4%, cattle 3.5%, sheep 4.5% y vicunas 6.3%. Actual stocking was 1 alpaca unit per hectare while stocking rate average estimated was fair with supportability of 0.78 UAl/ha; thus, rangelands are considered on degradation process

Floristic composition and rangeland condition of the Phynaya Peasant Community (located North of Pitumarca district and EastNorth of Canchis Province, Cusco region) were evaluated to estimate stocking rate under climate change scenario. Floristic composition, vegetation cover, and plant vigor were evaluated on 79 step-transects of 200 m in six rangeland sectors. Preliminary results reveal that there are 60 species, grouped in 13 families, where the dominant families were Poaceae (46.67%), Asteraceas (15%) and seudograsses (13.3%), of which, 45% were palatable for alpacas. Of the total grazing areas, alpacas´ areas represent 70.4%, llamas 15.4%, cattle 3.5%, sheep 4.5% y vicunas 6.3%. Actual stocking was 1 alpaca unit per hectare while stocking rate average estimated was fair with supportability of 0.78 UAl/ha; thus, rangelands are considered on degradation process