Actividad antioxidante e inhibición de fosfolipasa A2 por extractos acuosos liofilizados de Piper aduncum y Plantago major.

• Autores: Yarlequé Chocas, Mirtha Marieta, Rivas Amado, Raúl, Ale Borja, Neptalí, Yarlequé Chocas, Armando, Espinoza Bazán, Jordano Edwin, Vivas Ruiz, Dan Erick, Paredes Pescorán, María Gabriela, Castro Rojas, Miriam Corina, Paz Soldán Oblitas, Carlos Enrique
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe:article/30643
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/anales/article/view/30643
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Inhibidores de Fosfolipasa A₂; Lachesis muta; Antioxidantes; Antiinflamatorios; Extractos vegetales; Phospholipase A2 inhibitors; Antioxidants; Anti-inflammatories; Plant extracts

Introduction. Snakebite envenomation is a public health problem worldwide and in Peru. Its current treatment relies on antivenoms produced in mammals; however, snake venom phospholipases A2 (PLA2) cause diverse and often irreversible toxic effects, highlighting the need for alternative therapies such as plant extracts.Objective. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of lyophilized aqueous extracts of Piper aduncum (matico) and Plantago major (llantén), as well as their inhibitory action on the PLA2 from Lachesis muta venom. Methods. An in vitro experimental study was conducted with PLA2 purified by chromatography. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and FRAP assays, and phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified. Enzymatic inhibition was assessed with lyophilized aqueous extracts and fraction 4 from each sample. Results. Fractions inhibited purified PLA2 activity by 78.08% (P. aduncum) and 63.67% (P. major). Antioxidant capacity was higher in the original extracts compared to their fractions. Moreover, the original extracts inhibited PLA2 from the total L. muta venom by 86.59% (P. aduncum) and 76.42% (P. major). Conclusions. Lyophilized aqueous extracts of P. aduncum and P. major inhibited more than 60% of purified PLA2 from L. muta and exhibited high antioxidant capacity associated with their phenolic and flavonoid content. These findings support their potential as candidates to reduce inflammatory damage in snakebite envenomation.