WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF BIOLARVARIAN FISH SPECIES OF THE GENUS GAMBUSIA AS A BIOINDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS

• Autores: Argota-Pérez, George, Iannacone, José, Fimia-Duarte, Rigoberto, Osés-Rodríguez, Ricardo
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2022
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs2.revistas.unfv.edu.pe:article/1484
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistas.unfv.edu.pe/NH/article/view/1484
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: aquatic ecosystems; bioindicator; biomarkers; exposure; Gambusia; biomarcadores; bioindicador; ecosistemas acuáticos; exposición

The aim of the study was to describe the worldwide distribution of the bio-larval fish species of the genus Gambusia Poey, 1854 as a bio-monitor of environmental pollution. The Google Scholar database was selected, where the search equation was: "Gambusia", "bioindicator", "biomonitoring of environmental pollution”, and "heavy metals". The search was analyzed by relevance during the last 20 years and corresponded to the period 2001-2021. The selection of articles was classified as research. A grouping of studies was established in three intervals of years: 2001-2007, 2008-2013 and 2014-2021. The search results cited 295 studies. However, when reviewing each of the scientific publications, only 11 made references to four species: G. affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853), G. holbrooki (Girard, 1859), G. punctata (Poey, 1854), and G. sexradiata (Hubbs, 1936). The highest percentage of use to bio-indicate exposure to heavy metals corresponded to the period 2014-2021 with five studies (45.45%) where G. affinis was the most used species: seven times (63.64%). It is concluded that the fish of the genus Gambusia as an indicator of contamination by heavy metals have a geographical distribution worldwide, except in Antarctica and G. affinis is the one that shows the highest number of reports. In recent years (2014-2021), there has been a greater number of studies and the condition of environmental bioindicator can be assessed together with its purpose as a bioregulatory species.