Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches

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The aim of the study is to summarise current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria of overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases and identify potential biomarkers and directions for improving therapeutic strategies to increase the effectiveness of...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Gendeleka, Grygorii
Formato: artículo
Fecha de Publicación:2026
Institución:Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
Repositorio:Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
Lenguaje:español
OAI Identifier:oai:cmhnaaa_ojs_cmhnaaa.cmhnaaa.org.pe:article/3038
Enlace del recurso:https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/3038
Nivel de acceso:acceso abierto
Materia:Enfermedades de la Tiroides
síndrome de superposición
hipertiroidismo
hipotiroidismo
endocrinología
Thyroid Diseases
overlap syndrome
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
endocrinology
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spelling Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approachesSíndrome de superposición en las enfermedades tiroideas autoinmunes: patogenia, diagnóstico y enfoques terapéuticos.Gendeleka, GrygoriiEnfermedades de la Tiroidessíndrome de superposiciónhipertiroidismohipotiroidismoendocrinologíaThyroid Diseasesoverlap syndromehyperthyroidismhypothyroidismendocrinologyThe aim of the study is to summarise current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria of overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases and identify potential biomarkers and directions for improving therapeutic strategies to increase the effectiveness of treatment and predict the course of this pathology. In this regard, a search of publications in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases for the period 1980-2025 was conducted. Clinical cases were described where the transformation occurred under the influence of therapy and spontaneously. It is established that antibodies (TPOAb, TgAb, TSHrAb), thyroid hormone levels, and instrumental methods play a key diagnostic role. Molecular mechanisms are highlighted, in particular epigenetic changes (DNA methylation), microRNA profiles, the role of exosomes and antigenic mimicry of infectious agents, including SARS-CoV-2. It is shown that various mechanisms can cause dominance and switching between autoimmune processes.El objetivo del estudio es resumir los datos actuales sobre los mecanismos patogénicos, las manifestaciones clínicas y los criterios diagnósticos del síndrome de solapamiento en las enfermedades tiroideas autoinmunes e identificar posibles biomarcadores y orientaciones para mejorar las estrategias terapéuticas a fin de aumentar la eficacia del tratamiento y predecir el curso de esta patología. En este sentido, se realizó una búsqueda de publicaciones en las bases de datos PubMed, MEDLINE y Web of Science para el periodo 1980-2025. Se describieron casos clínicos en los que la transformación se produjo bajo la influencia de la terapia y de forma espontánea. Se establece que los anticuerpos (TPOAb, TgAb, TSHrAb), los niveles de hormona tiroidea y los métodos instrumentales desempeñan un papel clave en el diagnóstico. Se destacan los mecanismos moleculares, en particular los cambios epigenéticos (metilación del ADN), los perfiles de microARN, el papel de los exosomas y el mimetismo antigénico de agentes infecciosos, incluido el SARS-CoV-2. Se demuestra que diversos mecanismos pueden causar predominio y alternancia entre procesos autoinmunes.Cuerpo Médico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo2026-01-27info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/303810.35434/rcmhnaaa.2025.184.3038Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo; Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): Early Publication; e3038Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo; Vol. 18 Núm. 4 (2025): Publicación Anticipada; e30382227-47312225-510910.35434/rcmhnaaa.2025.184reponame:Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjoinstname:Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjoinstacron:HNAAAspahttps://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/3038/1149Derechos de autor 2026 Grygorii Gendelekahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:cmhnaaa_ojs_cmhnaaa.cmhnaaa.org.pe:article/30382025-12-23T11:14:04Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
Síndrome de superposición en las enfermedades tiroideas autoinmunes: patogenia, diagnóstico y enfoques terapéuticos.
title Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
spellingShingle Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
Gendeleka, Grygorii
Enfermedades de la Tiroides
síndrome de superposición
hipertiroidismo
hipotiroidismo
endocrinología
Thyroid Diseases
overlap syndrome
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
endocrinology
title_short Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
title_full Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
title_fullStr Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
title_full_unstemmed Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
title_sort Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gendeleka, Grygorii
author Gendeleka, Grygorii
author_facet Gendeleka, Grygorii
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Enfermedades de la Tiroides
síndrome de superposición
hipertiroidismo
hipotiroidismo
endocrinología
Thyroid Diseases
overlap syndrome
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
endocrinology
topic Enfermedades de la Tiroides
síndrome de superposición
hipertiroidismo
hipotiroidismo
endocrinología
Thyroid Diseases
overlap syndrome
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
endocrinology
description The aim of the study is to summarise current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria of overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases and identify potential biomarkers and directions for improving therapeutic strategies to increase the effectiveness of treatment and predict the course of this pathology. In this regard, a search of publications in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases for the period 1980-2025 was conducted. Clinical cases were described where the transformation occurred under the influence of therapy and spontaneously. It is established that antibodies (TPOAb, TgAb, TSHrAb), thyroid hormone levels, and instrumental methods play a key diagnostic role. Molecular mechanisms are highlighted, in particular epigenetic changes (DNA methylation), microRNA profiles, the role of exosomes and antigenic mimicry of infectious agents, including SARS-CoV-2. It is shown that various mechanisms can cause dominance and switching between autoimmune processes.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026-01-27
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/3038
10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2025.184.3038
url https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/3038
identifier_str_mv 10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2025.184.3038
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/3038/1149
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Derechos de autor 2026 Grygorii Gendeleka
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Derechos de autor 2026 Grygorii Gendeleka
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Cuerpo Médico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Cuerpo Médico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo; Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): Early Publication; e3038
Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo; Vol. 18 Núm. 4 (2025): Publicación Anticipada; e3038
2227-4731
2225-5109
10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2025.184
reponame:Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
instname:Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
instacron:HNAAA
instname_str Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
instacron_str HNAAA
institution HNAAA
reponame_str Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
collection Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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Overlap syndrome in autoimmune thyroid diseases: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches
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