Management of congenital airway obstruction due to mandibular hypoplasia using distraction osteogenesis: experience from a specialized institute in Lima, Peru

• Autores: Oré Acevedo, Juan Francisco, Urteaga Quiroga, Rosmery, Castillo Chávez, Katerin Carmen
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja
• Repositorio: INSNS - Revistas
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/101
• Enlace del recurso: https://investigacionpediatrica.insnsb.gob.pe/index.php/iicqp/article/view/101
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Osteogénesis por Distracción; Síndrome de Pierre Robin; Micrognatismo; Traqueostomía; Osteogenesis, Distraction; Pierre Robin Syndrome; Micrognathism; Tracheostomy

Bilateral mandibular hypoplasia is the leading cause of airway obstruction in children and can result in both respiratory and digestive distress. Treatment often involves mandibular distraction osteogenesis, a technique that increases the anteroposterior length of the mandible. This study aimed to share the experiences of a pediatric specialty institute in Lima, Peru, using distraction osteogenesis to restore airwayand digestive function. Data on sociodemographic and clinical (pre-and postoperative) information were collected from patients who underwent bilateral mandibular distraction between 2016 and 2022. Seventeen patients were included, 53 % of whom were between 1 and 11 months old. All patients required care in the Intensive Care Unit, with 58.8 % (9/17) needing orotracheal intubation and 41.2 % (8/17) undergoing tracheostomy. The procedure resulted in anatomical and functional improvements in both the airway and digestive system by increasing the anteroposterior distance of the mandible. These findings suggest that distraction osteogenesis is an effective approach for managing airway obstruction caused by mandibular hypoplasia in pediatric patients.