Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru

Descripción del Articulo

Cacao represents a crop of strategic importance for Peru due to its socioeconomic value, which has driven initiatives for the collection, characterization, and conservation of its genetic diversity, with a view to the future development of elite plants. As part of these efforts, a collection of 113...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús, Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito, Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto, Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy, Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth
Formato: preprint
Fecha de Publicación:2025
Institución:Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria
Repositorio:INIA-Institucional
Lenguaje:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.inia.gob.pe:20.500.12955/2862
Enlace del recurso:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2862
https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.1776.v1
Nivel de acceso:acceso abierto
Materia:Characterization
Conservation
Descriptors
FTIR
Plant genetic resources
Theobromine
Caracterización agromorfológica
Conservación ex situ
Descriptores morfológicos
Recursos genéticos vegetales
Teobromina
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00
Germplasm banks; Banco de germoplasma; Genetic improvement; Mejoramiento genético; plant breeding; Fitomejoramiento; Bioactive compounds; Compuesto bioactivo
Descripción
Sumario:Cacao represents a crop of strategic importance for Peru due to its socioeconomic value, which has driven initiatives for the collection, characterization, and conservation of its genetic diversity, with a view to the future development of elite plants. As part of these efforts, a collection of 113 accessions was established, with agromorphological data were recorded over two consecutive growing seasons, comprising 33 quantitative and 18 qualitative descriptors. These data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches, as well as Bayesian inference models. The results revealed broad phenotypic diversity, with significant variation in quantitative fruit and seed descriptors (CV = 37.51%), which was accompanied by high heritability values (> 60%) and considerable genetic advance (> 20%). Furthermore, eight phenotypic groups were identified, with Cluster II distinguished by its oblong fruits and higher pod index, and Cluster III by superior seed traits, including a greater number of fully developed seeds per fruit and an outstanding seed index (> 1.3 g). This comprehensive characterization enables the identification of accessions with promising agronomic traits and high bioactive potential, supported by phytochemical analyses using HPLC and FTIR. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for breeding programs focused on developing more competitive and sustainable cacao production.
Nota importante:
La información contenida en este registro es de entera responsabilidad de la institución que gestiona el repositorio institucional donde esta contenido este documento o set de datos. El CONCYTEC no se hace responsable por los contenidos (publicaciones y/o datos) accesibles a través del Repositorio Nacional Digital de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Acceso Abierto (ALICIA).