Páginas 181-204

The purpose of the present study was to elaborate and apply a strategy based on the resolution of problems in the achievement of learning of parallel and perpendicular lines in geometrical figures in students of third grade of primary level, curricular area of mathematics. For the application of the strategy a learning session was elaborated in which the empirical modeling and systemic methods were applied. In the foundation we worked with the analytical - synthetic, inductive - deductive and comparative theoretical methods. The execution took into account the techniques of the exhibition, the team work, the collaborative work. In the evaluation, the techniques of hetero-evaluation, co-evaluation and self-evaluation were applied. After the conclusion of the session, it was concluded that the students achieved the learning of parallel and perpendicular lines in geometric figures.

The work analyzes the contributions of Mercedes Rodrigo Bellido and Victoria Bossio Herrera, pioneers of psychology in Colombia, highlighting their impact from complementary approaches. Rodrigo, born in Spain, introduced psychotechnics and founded the first university psychology program in the country, consolidating the discipline as autonomous and applied to vocational guidance and child well-being. Bossio, Colombian and the country's first doctor in psychology, focused her work on psychopedagogy, promoting education for children with high abilities and learning difficulties, in addition to addressing problems such as child abandonment. Both faced gender barriers, but overcame the challenges through solid training and an innovative approach, being leaders in the integration of psychology into the educational and social field. His contributions were essential to professionalize the disci...