A sensitivity study of the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting regional model (WRF, version 3.7) to the use of different microphysics, cumulus, and boundary layer parameterizations for short- and medium-term precipitation forecast is conducted in the Central Andes of Peru. Lin-Purdué, Thompson, and Morrison microphysics schemes were tested, as well as the Grell–Freitas, Grell 3d, and Betts–Miller–Janjic cumulus parameterizations. The tested boundary layer schemes were the Yonsei University and Mellor–Yamada–Janjic. A control configuration was defined, using the Thompson, Grell–Freitas, and Yonsei University schemes, and a set of numerical experiments is made, using different combinations of parameterizations. Data from 19 local meteorological stations and regional and global gridded were used for verification. It was concluded that all the configurations over...

This research focuses on the application of the definition of a convex set, which allows us to design and build the graph of bounded surfaces described by cylinders whose directrix curve is a polar curve that intersects with a quadric surface or a function defined in two variables and thus generates bounded surfaces to be constructed using the GeoGebra Suite Calculator. Three cases are presented where the importance of the convex set concept in the parameterization of this type of surface is highlighted. In the first case, we establish the surface that we have called the Flores surface and from this surface, we establish the construction of the Anthurium flower, in the second case we design the flower with 8 petals, and in the third case designed the leaf house modeled by Mareines and Patalano, whose structure is shaped like a flower with 6 petals. The construction of these surfaces is c...